That means nearly 1. Birth defects are structural changes present at birth that can affect almost any part or parts of the body (e. They may affect how the body looks, works, or both. Birth defects can vary from mild to severe. The well- being of each child affected with a birth defect depends mostly on which organ or body part is involved and how much it is affected. Depending on the severity of the defect and what body part is affected, the expected lifespan of a person with a birth defect may or may not be affected. Top of Page. Identifying Birth Defects. A birth defect can be found before birth, at birth, or any time after birth. Most birth defects are found within the first year of life. ![]() Nicotine gum is a type of chewing gum that delivers nicotine to the body. It is used as an aid in nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), a process for smoking cessation. Nicotine, or its primary metabolite cotinine, is most often tested to evaluate tobacco use. Long-term smoking of tobacco products can increase the risk of. As nicotine addiction is the. Using nicotine patches and gum in early pregnancy makes birth defects more likely, research suggests. The babies of women who use nicotine replacement therapy in the. ![]() Nicotine is the primary ingredient in tobacco products. Nicotine gum and lozenges are medical products used to aid in smoking cessation in adults. Some birth defects (such as cleft lip) are easy to see, but others (such as heart defects or hearing loss) are found using special tests, such as echocardiograms (an ultrasound picture of the heart), x- rays or hearing tests. Learn more about diagnosing birth defects . Most birth defects occur in the first 3 months of pregnancy, when the organs of the baby are forming. This is a very important stage of development. ![]() However, some birth defects occur later in pregnancy. During the last six months of pregnancy, the tissues and organs continue to grow and develop. For some birth defects, like fetal alcohol syndrome, we know the cause. But for most birth defects, we don. For most birth defects, we think they are caused by a complex mix of factors. These factors include our genes (information inherited from our parents), our behaviors, and things in the environment. But, we don't fully understand how these factors might work together to cause birth defects. While we still have more work to do, we have learned a lot about birth defects through past research. For example, some things might increase the chances of having a baby with a birth defect, such as: Smoking, drinking alcohol, or taking certain . To learn more about your risk of having a baby with a birth defect, you can talk with a clinical geneticist or a genetic counselor. Being an older mother, typically over the age of 3. ![]() Having one or more of these risks doesn. Also, women can have a baby born with a birth defect even when they don. It is important to talk to your doctor about what you can do to lower your risk. Learn about CDC. But, there are things that a woman can do before and during pregnancy to increase her chance of having a healthy baby: Be sure to see your healthcare provider regularly and start prenatal care as soon as you think you might be pregnant. Get 4. 00 micrograms (mcg) of folic acid every day, starting at least one month before getting pregnant. Don. This includes prescription and over- the- counter medications and dietary or herbal supplements. Don't stop or start taking any type of medication without first talking with a doctor. Learn how to prevent infections during pregnancy. If possible, be sure any medical conditions are under control, before becoming pregnant. Some conditions that increase the risk for birth defects include diabetes and obesity. More tips to prevent birth defects . State birth defects tracking programs provide one way to identify and refer children as early as possible for services they need. Early intervention is vital to improving outcomes for these babies. If your child has a birth defect, you should ask his or her doctor about local resources and treatment. Geneticists, genetic counselors, and other specialists are another resource. Find more information for families who have a child with a birth defect . Update on Overall Prevalence of Major Birth Defects- -Atlanta, Georgia, 1. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep.
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